S + V + O + OC

<4> S + V + O + OC .▩▩▩.▤▤▤.▤▤▤.▤▤▤.▤▤▤.▣▣1.▣▣2.▣▣3.▣▣4.▣▣5.

大部分寫法:

order + O + ( advise / allow / ask / cause / challenge / choose / forbid / hate / help / instruct / intend / invite / like / love / need / order / persuade / prefer / recommend / remind / request / teach / tell / want …)

主動 to V

被動 Vpp

He ordered them to leave at once.
他命令他們馬上動身

例外:

(1) 保 持	catch find keep + O + leave set start	主動 Ving	被動 Vpp
(2) 使 役	get + O +	主動 Ving to V	被動 Vpp
(3) 使 役	help bid + O +	主動 (to) V	被動 Vpp
(4) 使 役	make + O +	主動 V	被動 Vpp
(5) 使 役	let + O +	主動 V	被動 be Vpp
(6) 使 役	have + O +	主動 Ving V	被動 Vpp
X	have + O + ‘有’ 不是使役動詞	主動 to V
(7) 感 官	看 look at / see / watch 聽 listen to / hear / overhear 聞 smell 嚐 taste + O + 感覺 feel 注意 notice / observe	主動 Ving V	被動 Vpp
(8)	can’t stand / dislike imagine / picture / involve mind / miss + O + put off / risk cf: imagine/suppose/picture (that) SV	主動 Ving	被動 Vpp

(1)讓O保持~狀態
I caught him reading my private letters. 我撞看/逮到他在偷看我的私人信件。
cf: find + O + (to be) adj
She was found to be unreliable.她被認為是不可靠的。
(2)
1> get + O + Ving = ‘make O start .. .ing’ 讓~開始
Don’t get him talking about his illnesses.
2> get + O + to V = ‘persuade O to …..’ 說服
I can’t get that child to go to bed.
3> get + O + Vpp = ’cause O to be done by ..’ 讓/受到
I must get my watch repaired.
(= I want my watch to be repaired.)
She got her foot caught in the wire.
她的腳卡在了鐵絲網裡。
(3)
(4)
(5)
I stupidly let myself be persuaded to take part in a live debate.
我傻乎乎地被人說服去參加一個現場辯論會。
(6)
1> have + O + V = ’cause O to V’
The manager had everybody fill out a form.
2> have + O + Ving = ’cause O to be Ving’
He had us laughing all through the meal.
3> have + O + Vpp = ’cause O to be done by ..’ 讓
I must have my watch repaired.
(= I want my watch to be repaired.)
cf: have = ‘有’
Do you have time to finish the job today?
(7)
(8)
We just couldn’t imagine Gerry singing in public.
Do you mind me being here while you’re working?
I don’t want to risk him losing his job.
He disliked her staying away from home.
他不願意讓她住在外面。

….. [假受詞it的兩用法]

believe / consider deem / find make / regard take / think

+ it + OC + to V + it + OC + that S V

….. believe/consider/deem/find/make/regard/take/think + it + OC + to V
….. that S V
…..